Fagr Mohamed

Document Type

Article

Publication Date

Fall 9-25-2025

Abstract

According to the Paris agreement, there is a global narrative to limit global warming to 1.5 c, which requires urgent decarbonization of energy incentive sectors, particularly industry and heavy transport which amount to 50% of global CO2 emissions. Among emerging technologies green hydrogen which is hydrogen produced via electrolysis process by renewable energy such as solar and wind and hydro offers a high potential zero emission energy vector for sectors where direct electrification remains challenging.

This paper assesses Germany’s green hydrogen strategy as a successful model of mitigation policy, and examines its potential transferability to Brazil, a developing country with abundant renewable resources that faces structural challenges in implementations.

Germany's strategy is characterized by a strong funding package of 9 billion euros, strong institutional coordination and integration with EU carbon markets enabling it to scale production capacity and decarbonize key industrial sectors. On the contrary Brazil's strategy remains underfunded and fragmented with its green hydrogen road map only formally launched in 2021. This paper explores how Brazil can adapt Germany’s approach to NDC targets and suggest practical recommendations to Brazil’s ambition implementation gap and enhancing mitigation outcomes in the global South.

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