Document Type

Article

Publication Date

Fall 9-25-2025

Abstract

The Earth is facing a climate catastrophe. According to NASA (2024), the Earth's average surface temperature in 2024 was the warmest on record. The same article outlines that the Earth is about 1.47 degrees Celsius warmer than the preindustrial period1. A core mechanism designed to address this challenge, and other key concerns, is the Global Stocktake GST, which is a process within the Paris Agreement assessing collective progress towards key goals.

This policy paper will primarily focus on the history of the global stocktake, before delving into the future of the GST, the NDC, and global mutirao, all with the purpose of understanding the accountability and lack of global collaboration regarding the GST. This paper will conclude with an actionable recommendation for COP30 implementation, designed specifically to address the key issue of how can we hold stakeholders accountable and foster greater global collaboration when looking at the GST.

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