Document Type

Article

Publication Date

Fall 9-25-2025

Abstract

Climate action is falling short where it matters most, on the ground, because those doing the work are often excluded from the system's tracking progress. The Global Stocktake (GST), meant to assess global climate efforts, remains focused on national governments, leaving out non-state actors (NSAs) who lead much of the real-world delivery. This exclusion stems from structural gaps in Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) and the lack of formal ways for NSAs to engage meaningfully. Existing tools, like voluntary platforms and consultations, are not enough, they lack enforcement and true integration. This paper proposes two practical solutions: AI-powered Nested Climate Accounting, which allows NSAs to report and track local efforts in real time, and a Legal Mandate to embed NSA roles directly into national climate planning. Together, these steps shift the GST from a top-down review to a more inclusive, accountable system that reflects the realities of climate action on the ground.

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