Dynamic cyclic fatigue resistance of RACE EVO in S-shaped canal with different angles of access: An in vitro study

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Article

Publication Date

Summer 5-14-2024

Abstract

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Original Article

Dynamic cyclic fatigue resistance of RACE EVO in S-shaped canal with different angles of access: An in vitro study

Ayad, Odena Essam; El Seoud, Mohammed Abou; Kataia, Engy M. Author Information Saudi Endodontic Journal 14(2):p 212-217, May–Aug 2024. | DOI: 10.4103/sej.sej_228_23

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Abstract

Introduction:

Nickel–titanium instruments annually undergo improvements to enhance the cyclic fatigue lifespan, especially with challenging canals. This study examines RACE EVO instrument in an S-shaped double-curvature canal in different angles of insertion 0°, 20°, and 40° to investigate the behavior of the heat-treated instruments in challenging canals.

Materials and Methods:

A total of 30 instruments were assigned to three groups (Group 0°, Group 20°, and Group 40°). RACE EVO instruments were tested in artificial canals. The canals had two curvatures: an apical one which its parameters are 70° angle and 2 mm radius and a coronal one which its parameters are 60° angle and 5 mm radius. The test was done using a cyclic fatigue apparatus. A statistical study was done by one-way analysis of variance groups, and Tukey’s honestly significant difference/Tukey–Kramer with a level of significance (α) was adjusted to 0.05.

Results:

The time until failure was reduced by the increase in the angle of insertion; however, Group 20° and Group 40° were not significantly different. All the instruments were broken apically. The scanning electron microscopic analysis showed typical characteristics of cyclic fatigue failure.

Conclusions:

Increasing the inclination during the insertion reduced the resistance of the RACE EVO instruments to cyclic fatigue failure despite the surface heat treatment of the instrument.

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