Document Type

Article

Publication Date

2026

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ABSTRACT: Aim: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between reproductive hormone levels and semen parameters in relation to periodontal disease in fertile men. Methods: Data from 95 fertile participants over 30 years old, whose partners were currently pregnant, who had periodontitis on periodontal examination, and who had detailed available reproductive hormone levels and semen quality, were included in our analysis. Correlations between the presence and absence of periodontitis and levels of both reproductive hormones (total testosterone (T), FSH, and inhibin-B) and semen quality in fertile men were determined and analysed. Results: Fertile men with periodontitis had significantly lower sperm concentration and normal sperm morphology than men without periodontitis (p=0.013; 0.006, respectively). FSH levels were slightly higher, while inhibin-B levels were slightly lower in fertile men with periodontitis, without a significant difference. Interestingly, T levels were also significantly lower in fertile men with periodontitis than in those without periodontitis. Despite these differences, there was no difference between the groups in relation to the time to achieve pregnancy or the nature of pregnancy. Conclusions: We conclude that even in fertile men, periodontitis is associated with some degree of testicular hypofunction. These findings are consistent with the existence of an association of periodontitis with reproductive hormone levels, especially T, and semen parameters in fertile men.

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