Renewable Microgrid Frequency Regulation Using Active Disturbance Rejection Control and Elephant Herding Optimization

Authors

• Ehab Bayoumi, The British University in EgyptFollow

Document Type

Article

Publication Date

Winter 2-27-2026

Abstract

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Renewable Microgrid Frequency Regulation Using Active Disturbance Rejection Control and Elephant Herding Optimization

by  Ehab H. E. Bayoumi  1,*, Hisham M. Soliman  2 and Mostafa Soliman  3     1 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Mechatronics and Robotics Section, Faculty of Engineering, The British University in Egypt, El Sherouk, Cairo 11837, Egypt 2 Department of Electrical Power Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Cairo University, Cairo 12613, Egypt 3 Department of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering and Technology, University of Doha for Science and Technology, Arab League St, Doha 24449, Qatar * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed. Eng 2026, 7(3), 103; https://doi.org/10.3390/eng7030103 Submission received: 17 January 2026 / Revised: 24 February 2026 / Accepted: 25 February 2026 / Published: 27 February 2026 (This article belongs to the Special Issue Emerging Trends in Numerical Methods for Renewable Energy Technologies) Downloadkeyboard_arrow_down  Browse Figures     Versions Notes

Abstract

This paper introduces an enhanced load frequency regulation strategy for isolated renewable microgrids, leveraging an Active Disturbance Rejection Control (ADRC) framework optimized through Elephant Herding Optimization (EHO). A detailed microgrid model, encompassing a variety of energy generation and storage units, is implemented in a simulation environment. The effectiveness of the proposed ADRC-EHO method was assessed through comparative analysis with established control techniques: Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO)-tuned ADRC and H∞ control under diverse operational scenarios. These scenarios included deterministic and stochastic load disturbances, as well as variations in microgrid parameters. The findings demonstrate that the ADRC-EHO approach consistently yields superior performance, with improved robustness and a more rapid response to frequency fluctuations. The optimization of ADRC parameters using EHO effectively countered the challenges of intermittent renewable energy integration.

Recommended Citation

Bayoumi, E.H.E.; Soliman, H.M.; Soliman, M. Renewable Microgrid Frequency Regulation Using Active Disturbance Rejection Control and Elephant Herding Optimization. Eng 2026, 7, 103. https://doi.org/10.3390/eng7030103