Autophagy-Related Genes and Encoded Proteins’ Prognostic Significance in Various Cancer Types: A Molecular Perspective

Document Type

Article

Publication Date

2026

Abstract

Autophagy is a degradative process for recycling and breaking down cellular components, with several context dependent functions in the development of tumors and resistance to therapy. Numerous clinical trials aiming to target autophagy in different tumors have been initiated as indicated by encouraging results from diverse preclinical investigations. Research on the connection between autophagosomes and the prognosis of different malignancies is now underway. The autophagy machinery itself may serve as a source of biomarkers for this purpose. Numerous research studies have established the association between autophagy-related genes (ATGs) and proteins (Atgs) in diverse types of cancer. Nonetheless, the outcomes of this association are still uncertain and the validation of reliable autophagy-related biomarkers is still lagging behind, owing to the paradoxical roles of autophagy in tumor biology and the scarcity of primary research studies. Herein, we explore recent developments, issues, and trends in the evaluation of clinically significant ATGs’ and their encoded proteins’ biomarker potential in human malignancies.

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