Utilization of untreated sugarcane bagasse ash in the construction industry

Document Type

Article

Publication Date

7-31-2025

Abstract

The concrete industry faces increasing pressure to reduce its environmental footprint, primarily due to the significant carbon emissions associated with cement production. Sugarcane bagasse ash (SCBA), a by-product of the sugar industry, has been widely investigated as a cement substitute; however, most studies require energy-intensive treatments such as grinding or high-temperature calcination to improve its pozzolanic activity. These treatments often undermine the environmental benefits intended. This study explores the direct use of untreated SCBA in concrete production as a low-energy, eco-conscious alternative. The research investigates its performance as a partial replacement for cement and sand, and as an admixture to minimize environmental impact. A total of eleven concrete mixes were tested for workability and compressive strength at 28, 56, and 91 days. The results revealed that 5% cement replacement with untreated SCBA reduced compressive strength by 19% at 28 days, whereas replacing 5% sand led to an 11% strength gain. As an admixture, 5% SCBA also improved strength compared to the control. A sustainability case study on a 398.76 m³ residential villa demonstrated that replacing 10% cement with untreated SCBA reduced CO₂ emissions by 17.45 tons and cut construction costs by 6.4%. In conclusion, untreated SCBA presents a viable and environmentally superior option for sustainable concrete, especially when used as a sand substitute or admixture. It avoids the hidden environmental costs of thermal or mechanical processing. Future research should focus on long-term durability testing and optimizing mix designs that balance performance with maximum environmental savings.

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