Mohamed Hatem

Document Type

Research Project

Publication Date

9-28-2025

Abstract

The impact of climate change is disproportionately distributed over developing and developed countries. Developing countries are the most vulnerable since they suffer from socio-economic disparities and the dominance of agricultural sectors. Floods, droughts, and extreme weather result in casualties, displacement, and economic devastation. Developing countries have utilized COPS to address this climate injustice through global institutional frameworks. Setting the USD 100 billion annual aid for developing countries and establishing the loss and damage fund are two important achievements. However, the implementation challenge remains present. Sudan and Pakistan are two clear cases of how climate injustice can increase the vulnerability of marginalized communities. Despite their minimal emissions, both countries have been severely impacted by climate change. Furthermore, the failure of state in Sudan led to weaker climate diplomacy compared to Pakistan. This paper highlights the intersection of climate vulnerability, global accountability, and institutional framework, emphasizing the urgent need for a more efficient climate finance delivery systems. The paper concludes with policy recommendations that aim at providing financial aid and monitoring mechanisms in order to ensure that the climate injustice gap will be efficiently addressed.

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