Document Type

Article

Publication Date

Fall 9-25-2025

Abstract

The UNFCC framework1

recognises that Action for Climate Empowerment (ACE) plays a vital role for a better climate action, highlighting the importance of educating all stakeholders to directly involve themselves in the implementation and delivery of policy. The increasing shift towards locally owned solutions with South-South Co-operation (SSC) is a reminder for the much-needed emergence of key policies for equitable technology transfer and capacity building. Aligning with COP30’s theme of adaptation as the central focus, models of the SSC can best promote local ownership of climate solutions and equitable technology transfer through the key roles of peer learning, co-development and mutual accountability, unlike traditional North-South aid models. COP30’s President-designate Corrêa do Lago’s call for the ‘refocus efforts on action and implementation’ 2

can be aligned with ACE’s values of participation and public awareness with the mobilisation of support for the named priorities, by ensuring that local communities are made aware of the importance of adaptation and sustainable development. The models must be institutionalised through enforceable legal mechanisms. This policy review aims to answer two main questions:

1. How can SSC frameworks develop a legal structure compared to reliance on voluntary contributions? 2. How can SSC frameworks overcome IP barriers?

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